Student discipline practices have a significant impact on the lives and academic careers of all students, in large part due to the link between discipline, student engagement and time spent in the classroom as an active and welcome participant. This literature review outlines data on the extent and impact of exclusionary discipline, zero tolerance policies, disciplinary alternative school, grade retention and discipline, corporal punishment, implicit bias and school policing and school safety.
This resource is part of the IDRA School Discipline – Online Technical Assistance Toolkit.